📘 C# Blog Series – Blog 45 **“C# JSON Handling — System.Text.Json vs Newtonsoft.Json

📘 C# Blog Series – Blog 45

**“C# JSON Handling — System.Text.Json vs Newtonsoft.Json

(Real-Life Example: GPS Packet JSON Conversion, API Request/Response, Device Models)”**

आज की backend दुनिया में JSON = Most Important Data Format है।
GPS Tracking, Web APIs, Mobile Apps, IoT—
हर system JSON पर ही चलता है।

C# में JSON handling करने के लिए दो main libraries हैं:

✔ System.Text.Json (Fastest + Built-in)

✔ Newtonsoft.Json (Older but Feature-rich)

आज हम दोनों को detail में सीखेंगे,
और GPS server के real-world examples भी देखेंगे।

---

🟦 1. JSON क्या है? (Simple Definition)

JSON =
Human-readable data format
जिससे server ↔ app data exchange करते हैं।

Example GPS JSON:

{
  "imei": "861128068064267",
  "lat": 26.85,
  "lon": 80.94,
  "speed": 45
}

---

🟢 2. System.Text.Json — Modern High-Speed JSON

Using directives:

using System.Text.Json;

Serialize (Object → JSON)

string json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(device);

Deserialize (JSON → Object)

GPSDevice dev = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<GPSDevice>(json);

✔ Fastest
✔ Built-in
✔ Low memory usage
❌ Missing some advanced features

---

⭐ 3. Newtonsoft.Json — सबसे Popular Library

using Newtonsoft.Json;

Serialize

string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(device);

Deserialize

var dev = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<GPSDevice>(json);

✔ Very flexible
✔ Tons of features
✔ Best for complex JSON
❌ Slower than System.Text.Json

---

🌟 4. GPS Device Model Example

class GPSDevice
{
    public string IMEI { get; set; }
    public double Latitude { get; set; }
    public double Longitude { get; set; }
    public int Battery { get; set; }
}

---

🟠 5. Real GPS Packet JSON Conversion

Your packet:

IMEI=8611280;LAT=26.85;LON=80.94;BAT=90;

Convert to object:

var dev = new GPSDevice
{
    IMEI = "8611280",
    Latitude = 26.85,
    Longitude = 80.94,
    Battery = 90
};

Now convert to JSON:

string json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(dev);

Output:

{"IMEI":"8611280","Latitude":26.85,"Longitude":80.94,"Battery":90}

Perfect for WebSocket or API.

---

🔵 6. PascalCase → camelCase Conversion (API standard)

API responses mostly camelCase में होने चाहिए:

Use:

var options = new JsonSerializerOptions
{
    PropertyNamingPolicy = JsonNamingPolicy.CamelCase
};

Now:

{"imei":"8611280","latitude":26.85}

---

🟣 7. Ignore NULL Values

options.DefaultIgnoreCondition =
    JsonIgnoreCondition.WhenWritingNull;

JSON output clean हो जाता है।

---

🔥 8. Newtonsoft Features — Why still popular?

✔ Custom converters आसान

✔ Dynamic JSON parsing आसान

✔ Case-insensitive by default

✔ Complex nested JSON handle easily

Example: Dynamic JSON

var obj = JObject.Parse(json);
string imei = obj["imei"].ToString();

System.Text.Json में इतना simple नहीं है।

---

🧠 9. Real-Life GPS Use Case: Unknown Packet → JSON Dump

var dump = new
{
    Raw = packet,
    Time = DateTime.Now,
    Source = "G17"
};

string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dump, Formatting.Indented);
File.AppendAllText("unknown.json", json + ",\n");

Great debugging tool.

---

📌 10. JSON Property Rename (Important for API)

System.Text.Json:

public class GPSDevice
{
    [JsonPropertyName("lat")]
    public double Latitude { get; set; }
}

Newtonsoft:

[JsonProperty("lat")]
public double Latitude { get; set; }

---

🧪 11. Deserialize with Missing Fields (Newtonsoft Only)

Packet:

{"imei":"8611","lat":26.8}

Newtonsoft safe handle करेगा।
System.Text.Json fail कर सकता है unless configured.

---

⭐ Summary: कौन सा बेहतर है?

Feature	System.Text.Json	Newtonsoft
Speed	⚡ Fastest	Slower
Feature-rich	❌ Medium	✔ Yes
Custom converters	Hard	Easy
Dynamic JSON	Hard	Very easy
Best for	High performance APIs	Complex JSON systems
GPS server	✔ Best	✔ Good for complex parsing

---

🔚 Conclusion

JSON Handling आपके system को बनाता है:

✔ App ↔ Server communication structured
✔ Fast & reliable
✔ Parsing easy
✔ Debugging smooth
✔ GPS packets to WebSocket conversion simple
✔ API responses professional

System.Text.Json → सबसे fast
Newtonsoft.Json → सबसे flexible

GPS server में दोनों का combo best रहता है।